The Royal Danish Navy's core tasks remain maritime defense, maintaining sovereignty over Danish, Greenlandic, and Faroese territorial waters, surveillance, and search and rescue. Denmark's naval capabilities are centered around a versatile fleet that includes the Iver Huitfeldt-class air defense frigates and the Absalon-class command and support ships, which can be equipped for anti-submarine warfare. These vessels form the backbone of the navy's ability to contribute to NATO's standing maritime groups and international missions. The Thetis-class ocean patrol vessels are crucial for asserting sovereignty and performing tasks in the challenging conditions of the North Atlantic and the Arctic. Historically, Denmark operated submarines, but this capability was retired in 2004.
In response to the evolving security environment, Denmark has launched an ambitious shipbuilding and modernization program under the Danish Defence Agreement 2024-2033. A key initiative is the near-term acquisition of up to 25 new vessels. This includes four multi-purpose vessels designed for environmental protection tasks but also equipped for military roles like mine-laying and underwater surveillance. Furthermore, 21 new vessels will be procured for the Naval Home Guard to enhance coastal and port security. A major new focus is the protection of critical undersea infrastructure (CUI), with plans for a dedicated surveillance vessel and the development of unmanned underwater systems and drones.
The navy's operational reach is primarily focused on the Baltic Sea, the North Sea, and the strategically important North Atlantic, including the Greenland-Iceland-UK (GIUK) gap. Its Arctic capability is being bolstered, with plans for new vessels specifically for this region. Looking ahead, the Danish government is planning for the next generation of warships to replace the current frigate fleet, ensuring the navy's long-term combat power. This modernization aims to enhance air defense and strike capabilities in line with NATO requirements.
