Israeli Air Force

The Israeli Air Force (IAF) is a cornerstone of Israel's military capability and serves as a critical component in the country's complex and often precarious security environment. Renowned for its technological superiority and tactical innovation, the IAF has played a decisive role in conflicts and operations since Israel's inception. It operates a mix of advanced aircraft, including the F-35 Lightning II, F-16 Fighting Falcons, and F-15 Eagles, among others.

The IAF's primary mission is to secure Israel's airspace and to provide offensive capabilities that can deter or neutralize threats. Given Israel's small geographical size and the proximity of potential adversaries, the air force is designed for rapid response and has a strikingly offensive posture. The ability to deliver precise and impactful strikes within a short time frame is one of its defining characteristics.

Technologically, the IAF is highly advanced and often on par with leading Western air forces. A culture of innovation permeates the organization, leading to customized upgrades and indigenous capabilities, like advanced electronic warfare systems and cutting-edge drone technology. Israel's robust defense industry, epitomized by companies like Rafael and Israel Aerospace Industries, significantly contributes to the IAF's technological edge.

Strategically, the IAF operates within a framework that expects multi-front conflicts. Given the layered and evolving threats from state and non-state actors—including Iran, Hezbollah, and Hamas—the air force needs to be versatile and adaptable. This is reflected in its diverse set of roles, from air superiority and ground support to intelligence gathering and strategic deterrence, including a presumed nuclear capability.

However, the proliferation of advanced anti-aircraft systems among its adversaries threatens to erode its dominance in the sky. Additionally, the asymmetrical nature of conflicts with non-state actors complicates air operations and poses risks of international censure due to collateral damage or civilian casualties.

The Israeli Air Force also extends its reach through international cooperation. It regularly engages in joint exercises with allied countries, such as the United States, and has a history of acquiring key technologies and hardware from abroad. However, this reliance on foreign military sales does expose the IAF to the geopolitics of its suppliers, which may impose limitations or conditions on the use of purchased assets.

Key facts

Number of active aircrafts by type